Research and application status of nondestructive testing technology for high-voltage electrical porcelain

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1935.2026.04.016

Abstract

Abstract: High-voltage electrical porcelain is a key component of power system equipment and plays an important role in electrical insulation.Its service reliability guarantees the safe and stable operation of the power grid.Internal cracks and other defects of electrical porcelain are the main cause of its unheralded damage.Accurate detection of such defects is crucial for ensuring safe power grid operation.Traditional detection methods are not only low in efficiency,but also may cause secondary damage to equipment,failing to meet the operating state detection requirements of modern power system equipment.With the advantages of non-destructiveness and high precision,nondestructive testing technology has become a research hotspot in the defect detection of high-voltage electrical porcelain.The basic principles of ultrasonic scanning,X-ray imaging,acoustic emission and other nondestructive testing technologies were systematically expounded,and their application status in high-voltage electrical porcelain defect detection was analyzed.In view of the problems of insufficient detection sensitivity and limited adaptability to complex working conditions existing in current technologies,in this work,the development directions such as multi-technology collaborative detection and terahertz radiation were further summarized and analyzed,so as to improve the intelligent level and engineering applicability of high-voltage electrical porcelain nondestructive testing,and provide technical support for extending the service life of high-voltage electrical porcelain.

Key words: electrical porcelain, nondestructive testing, ultrasonic scanning, X-ray, acoustic emission

摘要： 高压电瓷作为电力系统中的设备部件,在电气绝缘方面发挥着重要作用。其服役可靠性关系到电网的安全稳定运行,电瓷内部裂纹等缺陷是导致其无预兆损毁的主要原因。准确检测这些缺陷对保障电网运行至关重要。然而,传统检测方法不仅效率较低,还可能对设备造成二次损伤,难以满足现代电力系统对设备运行状态的检测需求。无损检测技术凭借其非破坏性和高精度的优势,成为高压电瓷缺陷检测领域的研究热点。为此,系统阐述了超声波扫描、X射线成像和声发射等无损检测技术的基本原理,并分析了这些技术在高压电瓷缺陷检测中的应用现状。针对现有技术仍存在检测灵敏度不足、复杂工况适应性有限等问题,进一步总结分析了多技术协同检测、太赫兹辐射等发展方向,以提升高压电瓷无损检测的智能化水平与工程适用性,从而为延长高压电瓷服役寿命提供技术支撑。

关键词: 电瓷, 无损检测, 超声波扫描, X射线, 声发射

CLC Number:

TM21

Lei Taotao, Ding Donghai, Chong Xiaochuan, Xiao Guoqing, Yue Yonggang, Tian Xiaoyun, Dang Dawei, Li Zhihui. Research and application status of nondestructive testing technology for high-voltage electrical porcelain[J]. Refractories, 2026, 60(4): 363-368.

雷涛涛, 丁冬海, 种小川, 肖国庆, 岳永刚, 田晓云, 党大威, 李智辉. 高压电瓷无损检测技术研究及应用现状[J]. 耐火材料, 2026, 60(4): 363-368.

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URL: http://www.nhcl.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1001-1935.2026.04.016

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