Research progress of refractories for cement rotary kilns

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1935.2025.01.016

Abstract

Abstract: Cement rotary kilns are the main equipment for cement production at present.Refractories are crucial fundamental materials that ensure the safe operation,energy conservation,emission reduction,and technological progress during the high-temperature production process.Cement rotary kilns have a high calcination temperature.They can not only be used for cement production but also for handling solid waste and domestic garbage,which saves energy while disposing of waste.However,this also places higher demands on the refractories used in cement kilns.This paper reviews the current research status and existing problems of magnesia-alumina,magnesia-ferro-alumina,and magnesia-calcia refractories for cement rotary kilns,and also looks ahead to the future research directions and key points of refractories for cement rotary kilns.

Key words: cement rotary kiln, refractories, corrosion resistance, coating formation performance

摘要： 水泥回转窑是目前制备水泥的主要设备,耐火材料是保障水泥高温生产过程安全运行、节能减排和技术进步的重要基础原材料。水泥回转窑煅烧温度高,不仅可以用于生产水泥,还可以处理固体废弃物和生活垃圾,在节约能源的同时处理废弃物,但这也对水泥窑用耐火材料提出了更高的要求。综述了水泥回转窑用镁铝质、镁铁铝质和镁钙质耐火材料的研究现状及存在的问题,并对未来水泥回转窑用耐火材料的研究方向和研究重点进行了展望。

关键词: 水泥回转窑, 耐火材料, 抗侵蚀性能, 挂窑皮性能

CLC Number:

TQ175

Qu Chao, Li Hang, Huang Xiaoyang, Zhang Haijun, Zhang Shaowei. Research progress of refractories for cement rotary kilns[J]. Refractories, 2025, 59(1): 87-92.

屈超, 李杭, 黄潇阳, 张海军, 张少伟. 水泥回转窑用耐火材料研究进展[J]. 耐火材料, 2025, 59(1): 87-92.

References

[1] LIU G P,LI N,YAN W,et al.Composition and microstructure of a periclase-composite spinel brick used in the burning zone of a cement rotary kiln[J].Ceramics International,2014,40(6):8149-8155.
[2] ZHOU W Y,YAN W,MA S B,et al.Degradation mechanisms of periclase-magnesium aluminate spinel refractory bricks used in the upper transition zone of a cement rotary kiln[J].Construction and Building Materials,2021,272:121617.
[3] 崔庆阳,薛群虎,寇志奇,等.水泥回转窑烧成带用耐火材料的最新研究[J].耐火与石灰,2011,36(1):1-4.
[4] 任博.水泥回转窑过渡带用高铝碳化硅耐火材料制备及性能研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2017.
[5] ZHANG D Q,TAN S K,GERSBERG R M.Municipal solid waste management in China:Status,problems and challenges[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2010,91(8):1623-1633.
[6] CONESA J A,GÁLVEZ A,MATEOS F,et al.Organic and inorganic pollutants from cement kiln stack feeding alternative fuels[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,158(2/3):585-592.
[7] CASCAROSA E,GASCO L,GARCÍA G,et al.Meat and bone meal and coal co-gasification:Environmental advantages[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2012,59:32-37.
[8] FANG P,TANG Z J,HUANG J H,et al.Using sewage sludge as a denitration agent and secondary fuel in a cement plant:A case study[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2015,137:1-7.
[9] LIU Z,GUAN D B,WEI W,et al.Reduced carbon emission estimates from fossil fuel combustion and cement production in China[J].Nature,2015,524(7565):335-338.
[10] RICHARDS G,AGRANOVSKI I E.Dioxin-like pcb emissions from cement kilns during the use of alternative fuels[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2017,323:698-709.
[11] WANG S Y,ZHANG L,HUANG M,et al.Effects of different additives on properties of magnesium aluminate spinel-periclase castable[J].Ceramics International,2023,49(3):4412-4421.
[12] 范沐旭,石干,张伟.不同Al₂O₃含量镁铝尖晶石材料高温力学性能研究[J].耐火材料,2021,55(1):35-39.
[13] 王治峰,吕雪锋,朱凌云,等.一种水化镁铝尖晶石砖的应用探索[J].耐火与石灰,2022,47(2):19-22.
[14] 李燕京,孙加林,李勇,等.添加浮选镁砂颗粒和Al₂O₃细粉对方镁石-尖晶石砖性能的影响[J].耐火材料,2022,56(1):6-9.
[15] 玄松桐.铝源对固相合成镁铝尖晶石质材料的结构和力学性能的影响[D].太原:太原科技大学,2021.
[16] ZHOU L Z,WANG Z F,WANG X T,et al.Effect of Al powder and Si powder additions on structure and properties of unburned magnesium aluminate spinel refractories[J].China’s Refractories,2023,32(3):14-19.
[17] 张芸,关岩,张玲.含铁添加剂对水泥窑方镁石-尖晶石砖性能的影响[J].鞍山钢铁学院学报,2002,25(5):321-323.
[18] 袁林,陈雪峰,陈松林,等.水泥窑用MgO-MgAl₂O₄-ZrO₂-La₂O₃复合耐火材料的研究[J].水泥,2011(1):4-8.
[19] CHEN Q L,YAN W,CHEN Z,et al.Effect of raw material composition on microstructures and properties of microporous MgO-Mg(Al,Fe)₂O₄ refractory aggregates[J].Ceramics International,2023,49(20):33168-33174.
[20] 王彦惠.烧结法合成镁铁铝复合尖晶石原料的研究[D].鞍山:辽宁科技大学,2018.
[21] 孔祥魁,邓华翔,杨利晓.大型干法水泥窑用高性能镁铁铝尖晶石砖的研发[J].耐火与石灰,2022,47(2):23-26+31.
[22] 张君博,肖国庆,刘兴平,等.氧化镁铁铝尖晶石耐火材料的制备[J].硅酸盐通报,2009,28(6):1143-1148.
[23] 郑玉,罗旭东,宿耘华,等.电熔铁铝尖晶石加入量对镁铁铝尖晶石浇注料挂窑皮性的影响[J].耐火材料,2019,53(2):106-108+112.
[24] GHASEMI-KAHRIZSANGI S,KARAMIAN E,GHASEMI-KAHRIZSANGI A,et al.The impact of trivalent oxide nanoparticles on the microstructure and performance of magnesite-dolomite refractory bricks[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,2017,193:413-420.
[25] 马莹.ZrO₂复合MgO-CaO材料结构与性能研究 [D].鞍山:辽宁科技大学,2008.
[26] 曹俊庆,闫利军,郑连营,等.添加电熔稳定氧化锆对镁白云石砖性能的影响[J].耐火材料,2018,52(3):203-204+208.
[27] 李祥,戚文豪,孟维,等.钙硅比对稳定镁白云石材料性能的影响[J].耐火材料,2021,55(5):414-416.
[28] 陶梦雅,高正霞,刘伟,等.氧化铁对稳定镁白云石材料性能的影响 [J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2023,44:101-106.
[29] 熊娜玲,邓俊杰.氧化铁纳米粒子对镁钙耐火材料性能的改善[J].耐火与石灰,2021,46(3):56-60.
[30] DÍAZ-TATO L,LÓPEZ-PERALES J F,CONTRERAS J E,et al.Hydration resistance and mechano-physical properties improvement of a magnesia-dolomite dense refractory by hercynite spinel[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,2022,287:126314.