Damage mechanism of magnesia-chrome refractories for side-blown copper smelting furnace

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1935.2024.02.011

Abstract

Abstract: In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the side-blown furnace adopting new process,the corrosion damage mechanism of the magnesia-chrome brick of the side wall at the slag line in a side-blown copper smelting furnace was researched using a scanning electron microscope and an energy dispersive spectrometer.The results show that:(1)the magnesia-chrome bricks located at the slag line undergo alternating corrosion and infiltration of copper matte and slag,which is hardly to form a stable slag layer,resulting in a continuous cycle of infiltration-corrosion-spalling of magnesia-chrome bricks and the severest corrosion;the corrosion of the magnesia-chrome bricks above the slag line is slight,because the infiltration of copper matte in the bricks is obviously weaken,and a stable spinel and olivine dense layer is formed on the hot surface of the bricks,serving as a barrier against further penetration and corrosion of slag and copper matte to a certain extent;(2)although copper matte only penetrates along the pores and grain boundaries in magnesia-chrome bricks without participating in the corrosion reaction,it penetrates and wraps the matrix particles or grains,disrupting the direct bonding of magnesia-chrome bricks,destroying the stable structure of the original magnesia-chrome bricks and consequently reducing their resistance to slag and copper matte;(3)the copper matte primarily penetrates along the chromite particles,and gaps between periclase crystals after the precipitation of iron-rich spinel,which is disadvantageous for the resistance of magnesia-chrome bricks to the penetration and corrosion of SiO₂-FeO slag.

Key words: copper smelting, side-blown furnace, magnesia-chrome brick, corrosion, infiltration, damage mechanism

摘要： 为了保证新工艺下侧吹炉的安全稳定运行,采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪分析了铜冶炼侧吹炉渣线部位侧墙镁铬砖的侵蚀损毁机制。结果表明:1)位于渣线处的镁铬砖由于受到铜锍、熔渣的交替冲刷、渗透作用,难以形成稳定的挂渣层,造成镁铬砖渗透-侵蚀-剥落的持续循环,导致该处的镁铬砖蚀损最为严重;而渣线上部镁铬砖的蚀损程度较小,原因是铜锍在渣线上部镁铬砖中的渗透作用明显减弱,镁铬砖热面形成稳定的尖晶石及橄榄石相致密层,可以一定程度上阻挡熔渣和铜锍的进一步渗透及侵蚀。2)铜锍虽然在镁铬砖中仅沿气孔和晶界渗透,并不参与侵蚀反应,但其渗透后包裹于基质颗粒或晶粒周围,破坏了镁铬砖的直接结合,破坏原镁铬砖的稳定结构,降低镁铬砖对熔渣及铜锍的抗侵蚀性。3)铜锍主要沿铬铁矿颗粒周围以及析出富铁尖晶石的方镁石晶间渗透,不利于镁铬砖抵抗SiO₂-FeO熔渣的渗透与侵蚀。

关键词: 铜冶炼, 侧吹炉, 镁铬砖, 侵蚀, 渗透, 损毁机制

CLC Number:

TQ175

Fu Qiqi, Zhong Lihua, Bai Wenxian, Gan Yongtong, Deng Junjie. Damage mechanism of magnesia-chrome refractories for side-blown copper smelting furnace[J]. Refractories, 2024, 58(2): 148-154.

付琪琪, 钟立桦, 白文献, 淦永彤, 邓俊杰. 铜冶炼侧吹炉用镁铬质耐火材料损毁机制[J]. 耐火材料, 2024, 58(2): 148-154.

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