Preparation and performance of flake alumina reinforced high-alumina electrical porcelain materials

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1935.2026.05.009

Abstract

Abstract: To improve the brittleness and enhance the mechanical properties of electrical porcelain materials,high-alumina porcelain insulators were prepared using spray-granulated powder for porcelain insulators as the raw material,introducing flake alumina (ρ-Al₂O₃) as a two-dimensional reinforcing phase,and pressureless sintering at 1 300 ℃ for 2 h.The effects of the particle size distribution of ρ-Al₂O₃ treated through different dispersion methods (mechanical grinding,vibratory milling,and dry ball milling),on the mechanical properties,phase composition,and microstructure of the insulators were investigated,and the toughening mechanism was analyzed.The results indicate that dry ball milling can most effectively refines ρ-Al₂O₃,reducing its d₅₀ to 3.73 μm while significantly promoting mullite formation and microstructural optimization during sintering.Compared to the sample containing mechanically-ground or vibratorily-milled ρ-Al₂O₃,the one with dry ball-milled ρ-Al₂O₃ exhibits the best overall performance,showing the lowest apparent porosity,flexural strength of 119 MPa,elastic modulus of 172 GPa,Vickers hardness of 30 GPa,and fracture toughness of 7.51 MPa·m^1/2.The fracture toughness significantly increases by 73.8% compared to the sample without ρ-Al₂O₃.This improvement primarily stems from the three-dimensional interlocking network structure constructed by the refined ρ-Al₂O₃ and in situ formed mullite whiskers,which effectively inhibits crack propagation through multiple toughening mechanisms,including crack deflection,branching,and bridging,thereby achieving the strengthening and toughening of high-alumina porcelain insulators.

Key words: high-voltage electrical porcelain, flake alumina, particle size, fracture toughness

摘要： 为改善电瓷材料的脆性、提升力学性能,以瓷绝缘子喷雾造粒料为原料,引入片状氧化铝(ρ-Al₂O₃)作为二维增强相,在1 300 ℃保温2 h常压烧结制备高铝瓷绝缘子。研究了不同分散方式(机械研磨、振动磨、干法球磨)处理后ρ-Al₂O₃粒径分布对高铝瓷绝缘子力学性能、物相组成、显微结构的影响,并分析了其增韧机制。结果表明:干法球磨处理能最有效地细化ρ-Al₂O₃,使其d₅₀降至3.73 μm,并显著促进了烧结过程中莫来石相的生成与显微结构的优化;相较于机械研磨与振动磨,引入干法球磨处理后ρ-Al₂O₃的试样展现出最佳的综合性能,其显气孔率最低,弯曲强度、弹性模量、维氏硬度及断裂韧性分别达到119 MPa、172 GPa、30 GPa与7.51 MPa·m^1/2,其中断裂韧性较未添加ρ-Al₂O₃的空白试样的显著提升了73.8%,这主要源于细化的ρ-Al₂O₃与原位生成的莫来石晶须共同构筑的三维互锁网络结构,该结构通过诱发裂纹偏转、分支及桥接等多种增韧机制,有效阻碍了裂纹的扩展,实现了高铝瓷绝缘子的强韧化。

关键词: 高压电瓷, 片状Al₂O₃, 粒径, 断裂韧性

CLC Number:

TM216+.1

Yue Yonggang, Tian Xiaoyun, Dang Dawei, Li Zhihui, Lei Taotao, Chong Xiaochuan, Ding Donghai, Xiao Guoqing. Preparation and performance of flake alumina reinforced high-alumina electrical porcelain materials[J]. Refractories, 2026, 60(5): 422-429.

岳永刚, 田晓云, 党大威, 李智辉, 雷涛涛, 种小川, 丁冬海, 肖国庆. 片状氧化铝增强高铝电瓷材料的制备及性能研究[J]. 耐火材料, 2026, 60(5): 422-429.

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URL: http://www.nhcl.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1001-1935.2026.05.009

http://www.nhcl.cn/EN/Y2026/V60/I5/422

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