Abstract: Boron carbide ceramics were prepared using boron carbide micropowder and silicon carbide micropowder as main raw materials,adding carbon black with different additions (1%,1.5%,2%,2.5%,and 3%,by mass),hydraulically molding,firing at 9 different positions in a large vacuum sintering furnace at 2 210 ℃ (set temperature) for 60 min.Then,the bulk density,the relative density,the modulus of rupture,and the Vicker hardness of the samples were detected,and the standard deviation of the bulk density was calculated.The results show that:(1)with the carbon black addition increasing,the relative density,the modulus of rupture,and the Vicker hardness of the samples first increase and then decrease,the standard deviation of the bulk density basically decreases first and then increases,the inflection is 2.5% of the carbon black addition,with the relative density,the modulus of rupture,and the Vicker hardness of 98%,417.8 MPa,and 28.9 GPa;(2)the boron carbide ceramics prepared according to the optimal formulation have the bulk density,the relative density,the modulus of rupture,and the Vicker hardness of 2.59-2.61 g·cm^-3,≥97.5%,≥400 MPa,and ≥28 GPa,respectively.The human bulletproof insert board combined with hot pressure tank composite process was tested according to NIJ 0101.06 IV level protection standard,the maximum backside depression depth is 42.4 mm,satisfying the protection standard requirements.

Key words: boron carbide, carbon black, pressureless sintering, sintering temperature, sintering range, ballistic performance, bulletproof inserts

摘要： 以碳化硼微粉和碳化硅微粉为主要原料,分别添加1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%(w)的炭黑,经液压成型后置于生产用大型真空烧结炉内9个不同的位置,在2 210 ℃(设定温度)保温60 min制备碳化硼陶瓷,然后检测不同位置烧结后试样的体积密度、相对密度、抗折强度和维氏硬度,并计算体积密度标准差。结果表明:1)随着炭黑加入量的增多,试样的相对密度、抗折强度和维氏硬度呈先增大后减小的变化趋势,体积密度标准差基本上呈先减小后增大的变化趋势,拐点均在添加2.5%(w)炭黑处;拐点处试样的相对密度、抗折强度、维氏硬度分别为98%、417.8 MPa、28.9 GPa。2)按最优配方生产的碳化硼陶瓷多曲整板的体积密度、相对密度、抗折强度、维氏硬度分别为2.59~2.61 g·cm^-3、≥97.5%、≥400 MPa、≥28 GPa。用热压罐复合工艺复合成的人体防弹插板按NIJ 0101.06 Ⅳ级防护标准进行测试,其背面凹陷深度最大为42.4 mm,满足防护标准要求。

关键词: 碳化硼, 炭墨, 无压烧结, 烧结温度, 抗弹性能, 防弹插板