关键词: 铜冶炼, 侧吹炉, 镁铬砖, 侵蚀, 渗透, 损毁机制

Abstract: In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the side-blown furnace adopting new process,the corrosion damage mechanism of the magnesia-chrome brick of the side wall at the slag line in a side-blown copper smelting furnace was researched using a scanning electron microscope and an energy dispersive spectrometer.The results show that:(1)the magnesia-chrome bricks located at the slag line undergo alternating corrosion and infiltration of copper matte and slag,which is hardly to form a stable slag layer,resulting in a continuous cycle of infiltration-corrosion-spalling of magnesia-chrome bricks and the severest corrosion;the corrosion of the magnesia-chrome bricks above the slag line is slight,because the infiltration of copper matte in the bricks is obviously weaken,and a stable spinel and olivine dense layer is formed on the hot surface of the bricks,serving as a barrier against further penetration and corrosion of slag and copper matte to a certain extent;(2)although copper matte only penetrates along the pores and grain boundaries in magnesia-chrome bricks without participating in the corrosion reaction,it penetrates and wraps the matrix particles or grains,disrupting the direct bonding of magnesia-chrome bricks,destroying the stable structure of the original magnesia-chrome bricks and consequently reducing their resistance to slag and copper matte;(3)the copper matte primarily penetrates along the chromite particles,and gaps between periclase crystals after the precipitation of iron-rich spinel,which is disadvantageous for the resistance of magnesia-chrome bricks to the penetration and corrosion of SiO₂-FeO slag.

Key words: copper smelting, side-blown furnace, magnesia-chrome brick, corrosion, infiltration, damage mechanism