Abstract: As a key process parameter for the firing of refractories,kiln temperature directly affects the generation and emission of air pollutants such as NO_x,SO₂,VOCs and particulate matter.This work aims to systematically analyze the variation characteristics of air pollutant concentrations in refractories industry kilns under different firing temperatures,so as to provide scientific references for the green upgrading and pollution emission reduction of the industry.Taking Henan Province as an example,the development status of the refractories industry and the generation-emission characteristics of major pollutants were firstly summarized,and then the stack emission limits of air pollutants under different kiln temperature conditions were determined.The results show that the emission limit of particulate matter for refractories industry is 10 mg·m^-3;and that of SO₂ is 50 mg·m^-3.There is a significant positive correlation between NO_x concentration and kiln temperature.The NO_x emission limit is 50 mg·m^-3 for kilns operating at 300-1 200 ℃,100 mg·m^-3 for 1 200-1 700 ℃,200 mg·m^-3 for kilns with temperatures above 1 700 ℃,and 300 mg·m^-3 for high-temperature electric smelting furnaces with temperatures exceeding 2 000 ℃.The emission limit of non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHC) is 30 mg·m^-3.

Key words: refractories, kiln temperature, emission limits, air pollutants

摘要： 窑温作为耐火材料烧成的重要工艺参数,直接影响着大气污染物(NO_x、SO₂、VOCs、颗粒物等)的产生与排放。为了系统分析耐火材料行业窑炉不同烧成温度下大气污染物浓度变化特征,从而为行业绿色升级及污染减排提供科学参考,以河南省为例,对河南省耐火材料行业发展现状和主要污染物产排特征进行了总结,并基于不同窑温条件确定了大气污染物有组织排放限值。结果表明:耐火材料工业的颗粒物排放限值为10 mg·m^-3;SO₂排放限值为50 mg·m^-3;NO_x浓度与窑温的正相关显著,窑温在300~1 200 ℃的NO_x排放限值为50 mg·m^-3,窑温1 200~1 700 ℃的NO_x排放限值为100 mg·m^-3,窑温大于1 700 ℃的NO_x排放限值为200 mg·m^-3,高温电熔炉窑温达到2 000 ℃以上的NO_x排放限值为300 mg·m^-3;非甲烷总烃排放限值为30 mg·m^-3。

关键词: 耐火材料, 窑温, 排放限值, 大气污染物